Hydrogen and Fuel Cells RTD budgets of IEA Countries

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The table 1 below gives a summary of hydrogen and fuel cell R&D budgets of IEA and EU countries that is identical to the table in the article Hydrogen and fuel cell: Research and Development, with the exception that budgets are presented in € instead of US$ (see footnote of the table).

Table 1: H2 and fuel cell R&D budgets of IEA and EU countries (average 2003-2005)

Country	PEM	MCFC	SOFC	H₂ & fuel cells	Fuel cells	Mobile fuel cells	Stationary fuel cells	Notes
Currency: €^a	[mln€]	[mln€]	[mln€]	[mln€]	[mln€]	[mln€]	[mln€]
Australia	×		×					Not available
Austria^b	×		×	7.5	~5.0	~2.5	~2.5	Mobile and stat.
Belgium^b	×		×	7.6	4.2	~2.1	~2.1	H₂ & fuel cells
Canada^b	×			23.0	~16.0	~8.0	~8.0	H₂ & fuel cells
China	~4.6		~4.6	~18.0	~4.6			H₂ & fuel cells
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark	~4.5		~7.0	11.5	11.5	~4.5	~7.0	Mobile and stat.
Estonia
Finland^b	(×)		×	5.4	4.0	~2.0	~2.0	H₂ & stationary
France^b	×		×	20.0	~14.0	~7.0	~7.0	Mobile and stat.
Germany^c	×	×	×	57.0	~52.0	~32.0	~20.0
Greece^b	×		×	5.0	~3.4	~1.7	~1.7	Focus on stat.
Hungary
Ireland
Italy^b	×	×	×	30.0	13.0	~6.5	~6.5	Mobile and stat.
Japan^d	×	×	×	~250.0	~200.0	~139.0	~61.0	Mainly PEM
Korea^b	×	×	×	~70.0	~60.0	~30.0	~30.0	Mobile and stat.
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands^b	×		×	10.0	~7.0	~3.5	~3.5	H₂ & fuel cells
New Zealand				~1.1				H₂ from coal
Norway	×		×	10.2	0.5	~0.2	~0.3	Focus on H₂
Poland
Portugal	×	×						Limited budget
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain^b	×	×		10.0	~8.0	~4.0	~4.0	Focus on FCs
Sweden^e	×	×	×	5.5	~3.6	~1.8	~1.8	H₂ & fuel cells
Switzerland^f	×		×	8.5	~5.6	~2.8	~2.8	H₂ & fuel cells
Turkey	1.0	0.7		2.0	1.8	1.0	0.8	Limited budget
UK^b	×		×	25.0	14.0	~7.0	~7.0	Mobile and stat.
EU	×	×	×	75	~24.9	~12.5	~12.5	Average of FP6
USA	×	×	×	~200.0	121.0	84.0	37.0	Rising budget for PEM FCs
Total (rounded)				~852	~574	~356	~218

a The € is assumed equivalent to 1.2441 US$ (2005).
b The budget is assumed to be evenly distributed between mobile and stationary (and hydrogen if applicable).
c Germany’s €57 mln is based on (IEA, 2004a) and the ratio between H₂ and fuel cells on (ESTO, 2005).
d The proportion between mobile and stationary fuel cell R&D is based on data for PEM, MCFC and SOFC fuel cell R&D expenditures for 2002 from (ESTO, 2005).
e Budget Sweden of an estimated €5.5 mln is based on €4 mln in (IEA, 2004a) and €7 mln in (ESTO, 2005).
f Budget Switzerland of approx. €8.5 mln is based on €4 mln in (IEA, 2004a) and €13 mln in (ESTO, 2005).

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